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SUMMARY PROSPECTUS | August 31, 2022 |
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EMERALD FINANCE AND BANKING INNOVATION FUND
Class A: HSSAX | Class C: HSSCX | Institutional Class: HSSIX | Investor Class: FFBFX |
Before you invest, you may want to review the Fund’s prospectus, which contains more information about the Fund and its risks. You can find the Fund’s prospectus and other information about the Fund online at http://www.emeraldmutualfunds.com/regulatory-reports/hssax. You can also get this information at no cost by calling 1.855.828.9909, by sending an e-mail request to [email protected], or by contacting your financial intermediary. The Fund’s prospectus and statement of additional information, each dated August 31, 2022, along with the Fund’s most recent annual report dated April 30, 2022, are incorporated by reference into this summary prospectus and may be obtained, free of charge, at the website, phone number or e-mail address noted above.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The Fund seeks long term growth through capital appreciation. Income is a secondary objective.
FEES AND EXPENSES OF THE FUND
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and examples below. You may qualify for certain sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in the Fund. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary, in the section “BUYING, EXCHANGING AND REDEEMING SHARES” at page 27 of the prospectus and the section “PURCHASE, EXCHANGE & REDEMPTION OF SHARES” at page 35 of the Fund’s statement of additional information. In addition, please see Appendix A – Intermediary Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts.
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Class A |
Class C |
Institutional |
Investor |
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Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) |
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Maximum sales charge (load) on purchases (as a percentage of offering price) |
4.75% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
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Maximum deferred sales charge (as a percentage of the lower of original purchase price or redemption proceeds) |
0.00% |
1.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
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Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
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Management Fees |
0.94% |
0.94% |
0.94% |
0.94% |
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Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.35% |
0.75% |
0.00% |
0.25% |
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Total Other Expenses |
0.19% |
0.44% |
0.24% |
0.33% |
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Other Fund Expenses |
0.19% |
0.19% |
0.19% |
0.18% |
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Shareholder Services Fees |
0.00% |
0.25% |
0.05% |
0.15% |
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Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses |
0.23% |
0.23% |
0.23% |
0.23% |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses(1) |
1.71% |
2.36% |
1.41% |
1.75% |
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Fee Waiver and Expense Reimbursement(2) |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
0.00% |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement(3) |
1.71% |
2.36% |
1.41% |
1.75% |
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(1) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses have been restated to reflect current fees. |
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(2) |
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (“Emerald” or the “Adviser”) has agreed contractually to waive a portion of its fees and reimburse other expenses in amounts necessary to limit the Fund’s operating expenses (exclusive of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, brokerage expenses, interest expense, taxes and extraordinary expense) for Class A, Class C, Institutional Class, and Investor Class shares to an annual rate (as percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets) of 1.84%, 2.49%, 1.54% and 1.89% respectively. This agreement (the “Expense Agreement”) shall continue at least through August 31, 2023. The Adviser will be permitted to recapture, on a class-by-class basis, expenses it has borne through the Expense Agreement to the extent that the Fund’s expenses in later periods fall below the annual rates set forth in the Expense Agreement; provided, however, that such recapture payments do not cause the Fund’s expense ratio (after recapture) to exceed the lesser of (i) the expense cap in effect at the time of the waiver and (ii) the expense cap in effect at the time of the recapture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund will not pay any such deferred fees and expenses more than three years after the date on which the fee and expenses were deferred. The Adviser may not discontinue this waiver, prior to August 31, 2023, without the approval by the Fund’s Board of Trustees. |
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(3) |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses After Fee Waiver/Expense Reimbursement may differ than those listed in the Financial Highlights. |
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the costs of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. This example reflects the net operating expenses with expense waivers through the current term of the Expense Agreement, which ends on August 31, 2023. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same.
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Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be: |
1 YEAR |
3 YEARS |
5 YEARS |
10 YEARS |
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Class A Shares |
$641 |
$988 |
$1,359 |
$2,396 |
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Class C Shares |
$339 |
$736 |
$1,260 |
$2,692 |
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Institutional Class Shares |
$144 |
$446 |
$771 |
$1,689 |
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Investor Class Shares |
$178 |
$551 |
$948 |
$2,060 |
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You would pay the following expenses if you did not redeem your Shares: |
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Class A Shares |
$641 |
$988 |
$1,359 |
$2,396 |
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Class C Shares |
$239 |
$736 |
$1,260 |
$2,692 |
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Institutional Class Shares |
$144 |
$446 |
$771 |
$1,689 |
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Investor Class Shares |
$178 |
$551 |
$948 |
$2,060 |
The Example does not reflect sales charges (loads) on dividends reinvested and other distributions. If these sales charges (loads) were included, your costs would be higher. Descriptions of sales charge waivers and/or discounts for Class A Shares with respect to certain financial intermediaries are reproduced in “Appendix A –Intermediary-Specific Sales Charge Waivers and Discounts” to this prospectus based on information provided by the financial intermediary.
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PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. A higher portfolio turnover rate may also result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund’s portfolio turnover was 94% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES OF THE FUND
The Emerald Finance and Banking Innovation Fund has adopted an investment policy that it will, under normal conditions, invest at least 80% of the value of its assets (net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in stocks (both common and preferred) of companies principally engaged in banking or financial services, and collective investment vehicles such as mutual funds and exchange-traded funds that invest in companies that are principally engaged in banking and financial services as denoted by being classified as within the Banks, Financial Services, Insurance, or, exclusively with respect to holdings from prior to January 1, 2019, Real Estate SuperSectors; or within the Transaction Processing Services SubSector (as determined by the Russell Industry Classification Benchmark). This requirement is applied at the time the Fund invests its assets. The Emerald Finance and Banking Innovation Fund’s policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is non-fundamental, which means that it may be changed without shareholder approval.
The Fund primarily will emphasize companies that, at the time of purchase, constitute small or medium market capitalization companies: those with a market capitalization of less than $46.5 billion. In addition, while the non-fundamental policy described above allows for the Fund to invest in companies that are principally engaged in either banking or financial services, the Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that it will invest not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the banking industry and not less than 25% of its net assets in securities of companies principally engaged in the financial services industry. For purposes of this fundamental policy, a company is defined as being in the banking or financial services industries if such company is classified as within the Banks, Financial Services, Insurance, or, exclusively with respect to holdings from prior to January 1, 2019, Real Estate SuperSectors; or within the Transaction Processing Services SubSector (as determined by the Russell Industry Classification Benchmark).
Companies in the banking industry are defined to include U.S. and foreign commercial and industrial banking and savings institutions and their parent holding companies. Companies in the financial services industry are defined to include commercial and industrial finance companies, diversified financial services companies, investment banking, securities brokerage and investment advisory companies, mortgage real estate investment trusts, insurance and insurance holding companies, leasing companies, and companies engaged in financial technology-related activities including decentralized finance and distributed ledger technology.
Financial technology is the application of new technological advancements to products and services in the financial industry, seeking to improve and automate the delivery and use of financial services. Financial technology helps companies and consumers better manage their financial operations by utilizing specialized software. Financial technology companies compete with traditional financial methods in the delivery of financial services. Mobile banking, peer-to-peer lending, decentralized ledger technology and cryptocurrency are examples of financial technology.
The Fund may invest in stocks of special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”). The Fund does not target a particular form of SPAC, with the exception that the SPAC must have identified an acquisition target at or prior to the time of the Fund’s investment, and such target must be consistent with the ICB SuperSectors or SubSector outlined above.
Emerald Mutual Fund Advisers Trust (“Emerald” or the “Adviser”) utilizes a growth approach to choosing securities based upon fundamental research which attempts to identify companies whose earnings growth rate exceeds that of their peer group, exhibit a competitive advantage in niche markets, or do not receive significant coverage from other institutional investors.
The Fund generally sells investments when the Adviser concludes that better investment opportunities exist in other securities, the security is fully valued, or the issuer’s circumstances or the political or economic outlook have changed.
There are no limitations with respect to the type of REITs in which the Fund may invest.
At this time, the Fund will not invest directly in cryptocurrencies or initial coin offerings.
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUND
Any of the investments made by the Fund can result in an investment loss, which may be significant. Investments in the Fund are not deposits or obligations of any bank, are not endorsed or guaranteed by any bank and are not insured or guaranteed by the U.S. government, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency. The principal risks of investing in the Fund, which could adversely affect its net asset value and total return, are:
Market Risk: Securities markets are volatile and can decline significantly in response to issuer, political, market, and economic developments including interest rate levels, political events, natural disasters and the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues. Historically, markets have moved in cycles, and the value of the Fund’s securities may fluctuate drastically from day to day. The Fund’s portfolio securities can be affected by events that affect the securities markets generally or particular segments of the market in which the Fund has invested. Individual companies may report poor results or be negatively affected by industry and/or economic trends and developments. The prices of securities issued by such companies may suffer a decline in response. These factors contribute to price volatility, which is a principal risk of investing in the Fund.
Equity Securities Risk: The risks associated with investing in equity securities of companies include the financial risk of selecting individual companies that do not perform as anticipated, the risk that the stock markets in which the Fund invests may experience periods of turbulence and instability, and the general risk that domestic and global economies may go through periods of decline and
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EMERALD FINANCE AND BANKING INNOVATION FUND |
cyclical change. The price of equity securities can decline significantly in response to issuer, political, market, and economic developments including interest rate levels, political events, natural disasters and the spread of infectious illness or other public health issues.
Managed Portfolio Risk: The Adviser’s investment strategies or choice of specific securities may be unsuccessful and may cause the Fund to incur losses.
Sector Risk: Sector risk is the possibility that all stocks within the same group of industries will decline in price due to sector-specific market or economic developments. The Fund may be overweight in certain sectors at various times.
Banking- and Financial Services-Related Investments Risk: The banking and financial services industries represent only a portion of the overall economy. Entities in these industries may be subject to additional risks such as increased competition within the sector or changes in legislation or government regulations. In addition, entities in these industries are particularly vulnerable to certain factors affecting the industries as a whole, such as the availability and cost of capital funds, changes in interest rates, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaults, and price competition. There is a risk that those issuers (or the sector) will perform poorly and negatively impact the Fund.
Growth Stocks Risk: Growth-oriented stocks may be more sensitive to changes in current or expected earnings than other stocks. The market prices of companies believed to have good prospects for revenues and earnings growth tend to reflect those expectations. When it appears those expectations will not be met, the prices of these securities typically fall. In addition, if the market does not come to share the Adviser’s assessment of an investment’s long-term growth, the Fund may underperform other mutual funds or stock indexes.
Small and Medium Capitalization Stocks Risk: Investment in securities of small or medium-sized companies presents greater investment risks than investing in the securities of larger companies. These risks include greater price volatility, greater sensitivity to changing economic conditions, and less liquidity than the securities of larger, more mature companies.
Concentration Risk: The Fund concentrates its investments in such issuers to the extent permitted by applicable regulatory guidance. Concentration risk results from maintaining exposure (long or short) to issuers conducting business in a specific industry. The risk of concentrating investments in a limited number of issuers in a particular industry is that the Fund will be more susceptible to the risks associated with that industry than a fund that does not concentrate its investments.
Distributed Ledger Technology (“DLT”) and Blockchain Investments Risk. The Fund may invest in companies listed on U.S. and Canadian exchanges that are engaged in the use of, or have exposure to, DLT and blockchain. The mechanics of using DLT, including blockchain, to transact in assets such as securities or derivatives, is relatively new and untested and there is no assurance that widespread adoption will occur. DLT and blockchain are subject to a rapidly-evolving regulatory landscape in the United States and in other countries, which might include security, privacy or other regulatory concerns that could negatively impact the companies in which the Fund invests. Companies in which the Fund invests may also be subject to the risk of fraud and cybersecurity threats and intellectual property claims. A significant disruption of Internet connectivity could impede the functionality of these technologies and could adversely affect the Fund.
Financial Technology Risk. Companies that are developing financial technologies that seek to disrupt or displace established financial institutions generally face competition from much larger and more established firms. Financial technology companies may not be able to capitalize on their disruptive technologies if they face political and/or legal attacks from competitors, industry groups or local and national governments. Laws generally vary by country, creating some challenges to achieving scale. These financial technology companies may not currently derive any revenue, and there is no assurance that such company will derive any revenue from innovative technologies in the future. Additionally, financial technology companies may be adversely impacted by potential rapid product obsolescence, cybersecurity attacks, increased regulatory oversight and disruptions in the technology they depend on.
Foreign Securities Risk: To the extent the Fund invests in securities of foreign (non-U.S.) companies, the Fund may experience more rapid and extreme changes in value than a fund that invests exclusively in securities of U.S. companies, due to less liquid markets and adverse economic, political, diplomatic, financial, and regulatory factors. Foreign governments also may impose limits on investment and repatriation and impose taxes. Any of these events could cause the value of the Fund’s investments to decline.
Canadian Securities Risk: The Fund may invest in the securities of companies listed for trading in Canada. Investments in Canadian issuers may subject the Fund to regulatory, political, currency, security and economic risk specific to Canada. Among other things, the Canadian economy is heavily dependent on relationships with certain key trading partners, including the United States and China. The Canadian economy is sensitive to fluctuations in certain commodity markets.
Liquidity Risk: Liquidity risk is financial risk due to uncertain liquidity. An institution might lose liquidity if its credit rating falls, it experiences sudden unexpected cash outflows, or some other event causes counterparties to avoid trading with or lending to the institution. A firm is also exposed to liquidity risk if markets on which it depends are subject to loss of liquidity. Derivative based securities and privately issued mortgage-related securities and other asset-backed securities, which do not have a government or government-sponsored guarantee, that are subject to substantial market and credit risk may have greater liquidity risk. Less liquid securities may trade infrequently, trade at a smaller volume, and be quite volatile. This means that they may be harder to purchase or sell at a fair price or quickly enough to prevent or minimize loss.
Real Estate Securities and REITs Risk: Real estate investment trusts or “REITs” are issuers that invest in interests in real estate, including mortgages. Investing in REITs may subject the Fund to risks similar to those associated with the direct ownership of real estate, including fluctuations in the value of underlying properties and defaults by borrowers or tenants. REITs may not be diversified and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency and self-liquidation. REITs are also subject to the possibilities of failing to qualify for tax-free pass through of income
3
under the Code and failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). REITs may have limited financial resources, trade less frequently and in a limited volume, and be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than more widely held securities.
Securities Issued By Other Investment Companies Risk: The Fund may invest in shares of other investment companies, including other mutual funds, money market funds, ETFs, HOLDRs, unit investment trusts, and closed-end funds, to gain exposure to a particular portion of the market rather than purchase securities directly. Investing in another investment company exposes the Fund to all the risks of that investment company, and, in general, subjects it to a pro rata portion of the other investment company’s fees and expenses.
Special Purpose Acquisition Company Risk. The Fund may invest in stock, rights, warrants, and other securities of special purpose acquisition companies or similar special purpose entities (collectively, “SPACs”). SPACs are often subject to extreme price volatility and speculative trading. SPACs may have little to no liquidity, and may trade at a discount to NAV. SPACs are “blank check” companies with no operating history. Accordingly, there is a limited basis, if any, on which to evaluate the SPAC’s ability to achieve its business objective, and the value of its securities is particularly dependent on the ability of the entity’s management to complete a profitable acquisition. The value of a SPAC’s securities can by highly volatile and may depreciate over time. A SPAC will not generate any revenues until, at the earliest, after the consummation of a transaction. Among other conflicts of interest, an investment in a SPAC may include the potential for misalignment of incentives in the structure of the SPAC.
Portfolio Turnover Risk: The Fund is generally expected to engage in frequent and active trading of portfolio securities to achieve its investment objective. A higher turnover rate (100% or more) will involve correspondingly greater transaction costs, which will be borne directly by the Fund, may have an adverse impact on performance, and may increase the potential for more taxable distributions being paid to shareholders, including distributions of short-term capital gains that are taxed as ordinary income. To the extent that a Fund engages in short sales (which are not included in calculating the portfolio turnover rate), the transaction costs incurred by a Fund are likely to be greater than the transaction costs incurred by a mutual fund that does not take short positions and has a similar portfolio turnover rate.
COVID-19 Risk: The impact of COVID-19, (and the variants of such virus) and other epidemics and pandemics that may arise in the future, could affect the economies of many nations, individual companies, their securities (including equity and debt), and the market in general in ways that cannot necessarily be foreseen at the present time. Health crises caused by the recent coronavirus outbreak may exacerbate other pre-existing political, social, financial, and economic risks in certain countries. The impact of the outbreak may last for an extended period of time.
Please see “What are the Principal and Non-Principal Risks of Investing in Each Fund?” at page 17 of the prospectus for a more detailed description of the risks of investing in the Fund. It is possible to lose money on an investment in the Fund. Investments in the Fund are not deposits or obligations of any bank, are not endorsed or guaranteed by any bank and are not insured or guaranteed by the U.S. government, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other government agency.
PERFORMANCE INFORMATION
The following information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing how the Fund’s performance has varied over time. The performance shown for Class A and Class C shares for periods prior to March 16, 2012 reflects the performance of the Forward Banking and Finance Fund’s Class A and C shares, as a result of a prior reorganization of the Forward Banking and Finance Fund’s Class A and C shares into the Fund’s Class A and Class C shares, without the effect of any fee and expense limitations or waivers.
The bar chart depicts the change in performance from year to year during the periods indicated. The bar chart figures do not include any applicable sales charges that an investor may pay when they buy or sell Shares of the Fund. If sales charges were included, the returns would be lower. The table compares the Fund’s average annual returns for the periods indicated to a broad-based securities market index. The index is not actively managed and is not available for direct investment. The bar charts and performance tables assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Fund’s past performance does not necessarily indicate how it will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on the Fund’s website at www.emeraldmutualfunds.com or by calling 1-855-828-9909.
Calendar Year Annual Returns — Class A
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Best Quarter — December 31, 2020 |
45.62% |
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Worst Quarter — March 31, 2020 |
-39.58% |
The Fund’s Class A share year-to-date return as of June 30, 2022 was -50.02%.
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EMERALD FINANCE AND BANKING INNOVATION FUND |
Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended December 31, 2021)
|
Emerald Finance & Banking Innovation Fund |
1 Year |
5 Years |
10 Years |
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Class A (Inception Date of 2/18/97) |
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Returns Before Taxes |
32.47% |
10.10% |
16.02% |
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Returns After Taxes on Distributions* |
27.97% |
8.12% |
14.98% |
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Returns After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
19.59% |
7.29% |
13.26% |
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Russell 2000 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
14.82% |
12.02% |
13.23% |
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Russell 2000 Financial Services (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
29.77% |
8.22% |
13.01% |
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Class C (Inception Date of 07/01/00)** |
|
|
|
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Returns Before Taxes |
37.18% |
10.45% |
15.84% |
|
Russell 2000 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
14.82% |
12.02% |
13.23% |
|
Russell 2000 Financial Services (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
29.77% |
8.22% |
13.01% |
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Institutional Class (Inception Date of 3/19/2012) |
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Returns Before Taxes |
39.54% |
11.56% |
— |
|
Russell 2000 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses, or taxes) |
14.82% |
12.02% |
— |
|
Russell 2000 Financial Services (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
29.77% |
8.22% |
— |
|
Investor Class (Inception Date of 3/16/10)** |
|
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Returns Before Taxes |
39.00% |
11.18% |
16.61% |
|
Russell 2000 Index (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
14.82% |
12.02% |
13.23% |
|
Russell 2000 Financial Services (reflects no deductions for fees, expenses or taxes) |
29.77% |
8.22% |
13.01% |
|
* |
After-tax returns are calculated by using the highest historical individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates (i.e., maximum rates) and do not include state or local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns are not relevant to investors who hold Fund shares in tax-advantaged accounts (i.e., retirement plans or Individual Retirement Accounts). |
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** |
After-tax returns are only shown for Class A shares of the Fund. After-tax returns for Class C, Institutional Class and Investor Class shares will vary from those shown for Class A shares due to varying expenses among the classes. The returns do not include any applicable sales charges that an investor may pay to a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary when they buy or sell shares of the Fund. |
INVESTMENT ADVISER
Emerald is the investment adviser to the Fund.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Kenneth G. Mertz II, CFA, and Steven E. Russell, Esq. are responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio and make the final investment decisions for the Fund. Mr. Mertz is President and Chief Investment Officer of Emerald and President and Chief Investment Officer of Emerald Advisers, LLC. Mr. Russell is an Assistant Vice President of Emerald Advisers and an Assistant Vice President of Emerald, and a Portfolio Manager of the Fund. Mr. Mertz and Mr. Russell have both managed the Fund from its inception in March 2012. Mr. Mertz had served as a portfolio manager of the Forward Banking and Finance Fund, the predecessor to the Fund, since its inception.
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES
The minimum initial investment in Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares is $2,000 for non-qualified accounts and $1,000 for qualified accounts. The minimum initial investment in Institutional Class shares is $1,000,000. The minimum subsequent investment is $100 for Class A, Class C and Investor Class shares. There is no minimum subsequent investment for Institutional Class shares. Investors may meet the minimum investment amount by aggregating multiple accounts within the Fund.
Purchases, exchanges and redemptions may be made directly or through institutional channels, such as financial intermediaries and retirement platforms. You should contact your financial intermediary or refer to your plan documents for information on how to invest in the Fund. Investor Class shareholders should call 1-855-828-9909 for more information on how to invest.
TAX INFORMATION
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the Fund’s distributions may be taxed as ordinary income, capital gains, qualified dividend income or Section 199A dividends, except when your investment is in an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged investment plan. Withdrawals from a tax-advantaged investment plan are subject to special tax rules.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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